Nevertheless, finding taurine's receptor has been like discovering the 'missing link' in taurine biology." "It came as a bit of a surprise that the same receptor was used by both taurine and GABA.
"We found that taurine is extraordinarily active on this population of GABA receptors in the thalamus," Harrison said. The researchers exposed thin slices of thalamic tissue from the brains of mice to concentrations of taurine that were similar to what might be found in the human brain. "It's like a railway junction, controlling information traffic between the brainstem, the senses and the executive functions in the cortex," Harrison said. The thalamus, located deep in the brain's center, is involved in what neuroscientists call "behavioral state control," helping to regulate transitions between sleep and wakefulness, for example. "But after some recent work in our lab, we ended up zeroing in on this population of GABA receptors in the thalamus." "Scientists have long questioned whether taurine might act on an as-yet-undiscovered receptor of its own," said lead researcher Fan Jia, postdoctoral scientist in anesthesiology. The prime focus of the study, however, was to find a site for the neurological activity of taurine. taurine actually would have more of a sedative effect on the brain," Harrison said. "Its inclusion in these supplements is a little puzzling, because our research would suggest. While the amino acid is made naturally by the body, it's also a much-touted ingredient in such so-called "energy drinks" as Red Bull. The finding, reported in the January issue of the Journal of Neuroscience, opens the door to better understanding taurine's impact on the brain. It seems that taurine shares these receptors." "We had discovered these receptors two years ago and showed that they interact with the neurotransmitter GABA - the brain's key inhibitory transmitter - that is also involved in brain development.
Harrison, professor of pharmacology and pharmacology in anesthesiology at WCMC.
#Bull taurine Activator#
"We have discovered that taurine is a strong activator of what are known as GABA receptors in a regulatory area of the brain called the thalamus," said study senior author Neil L. Now, a team of researchers at Weill Cornell Medical College (WCMC) has uncovered a prime site of activity for the molecule, bringing them closer to solving that mystery. Taurine is one of the most plentiful amino acids in the human brain, but neuroscientists are still puzzled by just how brain cells put it to use.
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